I nā hoʻokūkū, he mau hoʻokūkū kaʻawale i ka holo lōʻihi. He aha kēia mau mamao, kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona, a me ke ʻano o ke kāhea ʻana o nā mea haʻuki e lanakila ai iā lākou, e kūkākūkā ʻia i kēia ʻatikala.
Ua kapa ʻia ka mea holo lōʻihi?
Kapa ʻia kahi ʻālapa mamao loa he mea noho.
Etymology o ka huaʻōlelo "noho"
Ua unuhi ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "noho" iho mai ka ʻōlelo Pelekania ma ke ʻano he "hardy". Ma ka laulā, ʻaʻole kau palena ka poʻe holo i ka holo.
ʻOi aku ʻo ia i nā haʻuki ʻē aʻe, e laʻa me:
- paikikala,
- ka heʻe wikiwiki ʻana a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā mamao o ka mea noho ma kahi mamao mai ʻekolu kaukani mika a ʻoi.
Hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia nā ʻālapa i kekahi mau ʻano holo lōʻihi e pili ana i nā ʻōlelo ʻoi aku ka haiki, e like me ka hapalua o ka marathon, marathon a i ʻole ke kukini ultramarathon.
ʻOiai hiki i ka mea haʻuki ke komo i nā heihei o nā lōʻihi like ʻole a hoʻokūkū paha i nā haʻuki holo ʻole, maopopo i ka hapa nui ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo "stayer", ʻo ka mea mua loa, ʻo kekahi o nā predispositions o ka ʻaleʻa.
Kahi mamao o ka mea noho
Ka wehewehe ʻana o nā wahi mamao
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, lōʻihi, kapa ʻia nā mamao "stayer" i kēlā mau mamao e hoʻomaka ma ʻelua mile (a i ʻole 3218 mau mika). I kekahi manawa kuhikuhi ʻia kahi mamao o ʻekolu mau kilomita ma aneʻi. Eia hou, pili pū kēia i kahi holo lōʻihi o ka hola e mālama ʻia i nā kahua pāʻani.
I kēia manawa, e like me kekahi mau hōʻike, ʻo ke kumumanaʻo o "holo mamao" a i ʻole "stayer run" maʻamau ʻaʻole hoʻokomo i ka hapalua marathon, marathon, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā hoʻokūkū kahi e mālama ʻia ai nā mamao, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lōʻihi, ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia ma ke kahua pāʻani, akā ma ke alaloa.
Nā mamao
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻo ka holo lōʻihi kahi ʻano o ke aʻo ʻana a me ke kahua e holo ana i kahi kahua pāʻani.
Eia kekahi, pili pū kēia:
- 2 mile (3218 mau mika)
- 5 mau kilomita (5000 mau mika)
- 10 mau kilomita (10,000 m)
- 15 kilomita (15,000 mika ma ke kahua pāʻani),
- 20 mau kilomita (20,000 mau mika),
- 25 mau kilomita (25,000 mau mika),
- 30 kilomita (30,000 mika),
- he hola e holo nei i ke kahua pāʻani.
ʻO ka mea kaulana a hanohano loa i waena o lākou:
- ka mamao o 5,000 mika,
- ka mamao o 10,000 mika.
He ʻāpana lākou o ka papahana o ka World Athletics Championships a me nā Pāʻani Olumepika a mālama ʻia i ka wā o ke kauwela. I kekahi manawa pono ka poʻe kukini he 5,000 e hoʻokūkū ma lalo o kahi kaupaku.
Hoʻoholo ʻia ka hopena i hoʻokahi hola holo e ka mamao i holo ai ka mea holo ma ke ala o ke kahua pāʻani no hoʻokahi hola.
Mālama ʻia nā heihei mamao i kahi pōʻai e hoʻohana nei i kahi hoʻomaka kiʻekiʻe. I kēia hihia, holo ka poʻe haʻuki ma ke ala maʻamau.
No ka uha hope ma mua o ka laina hoʻopau, lohe kēlā me kēia kukini i ka bele mai ka luna kānāwai mai: kōkua kēia i ka nalowale ʻole ʻana o ka helu.
ʻO kahi ʻokoʻa ka holo o ka hola. Hoʻomaka ka poʻe komo āpau i ka manawa like, a ma hope o hoʻokahi hola kani ke kani e hoʻōki i ka holo ʻana. Ma hope o kēlā, māka nā luna kānāwai ma ke ala kahi e kū ai ka mea hui. Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia e ka wāwae hope. ʻO ka hopena, ʻo ka mea i holo i kahi mamao loa i hoʻokahi hola e lilo i lanakila.
Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia ʻaʻole hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā heihei mamao i nā hoʻokūkū kalepa: lōʻihi lākou i ka lōʻihi a, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, ʻaʻole nui nā mea kupaianaha, koe wale nō ma mua paha o ka pau ʻana.
Nā moʻolelo
Kahi mamao 5,000 mau mika
Ma waena o nā kāne, ka moʻohelu honua no kēia mamao, a me ka moʻolelo honua no ka loko a me ka moʻolelo Olumepika, e paʻa ʻia e ka mea like: he kukini no ʻAitiopa. Kenenis Bekele.
No laila, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i kahi moʻolelo honua ma Mei 31, 2004 ma Hengelo (Netherlands), e uhi ana i ka mamao ma 12: 37.35.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Honua (Loko) e kekahi ʻelele ʻAitiopa ma 20 Pepeluali 2004 ma UK. Ua uhi ka mea holo i 5000 mau mika ma 12: 49.60.
Nūhou 'Olumepika (12: 57.82) Kenenis Bekele i kau ʻia ma ʻAukake 23, 2008 ma ka' Olumepika ma Beijing.
Mālama ʻo ʻAitiopa i ka moʻolelo honua no 5,000 (14: 11.15) wahinee ʻO Tirunesh Dibaba... Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma Iune 6, 2008 ma Oslo, Nolewai.
Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka moʻolelo honua i loko e kāna mea kamaʻāina ʻo Genzebe Dibaba ma Pepeluali 19, 2015 ma Stockholm, Kuekene.
Akā ʻo Gabriela Sabo mai Rumania i lilo i ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū Olumepika i kahi mamao o 5000 mau mika. Ma Kepakemapa 25, 2000, ma nā Olumepika ʻo Sydney (Australia), ua uhi ʻo ia i kēia mamao ma 14: 40.79.
Kahi mamao 10,000 mau mika
ʻO ka moʻolelo o ka honua no nā kāne ma kēia mamao no ka mea ʻālapa mai ʻAitiopa Kenenis Bekele. Ma ʻAukake 26, 2005 ma Palukela (Pelekiuma) ua holo ʻo ia he 10,000 mau mika ma 26.17.53
A ma waena o nā wahine ua uhi ʻia kēia mamao e ka ʻAitiopa ʻAmelia Ayana ma 29.17.45. Ua hana ʻia ma ʻAukake 12, 2016 ma nā Pāʻani 'Olumepika ma Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
10 kilomita (alaloa)
I waena o nā kāne, no 10 mau kilomita ke ala ma ke alaloa ʻO Leonard Komon mai Kenya. Ua holo ʻo ia i kēia mamao ma 26.44. Ua hana ʻia kēia ma ka lā 29 Kepakemapa 2010 ma Netherlands.
Ma waena o nā wahine, no ka Pelekania ka moʻolelo Kahua Radcliffe... Ua holo ʻo ia ma 10 mau kilomita ma ke ala loa ma 30.21. Ua hana ʻia kēia ma Pepeluali 23, 2003 ma San Juan (Pokoliko).
Holo hola
ʻO ka moʻolelo o ka honua i ka holo ʻana i hoʻokahi hola he 21,285 mau mika. Ua hoʻokau ʻia e kahi ʻālapa kaulana Haile Gebreselassie. Ma waena o nā Lūkini, no lākou ka moʻolelo ʻO Albert Ivanov, i ka 1995 holo 19,595 mau mika i hoʻokahi hola.
Nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka mamao a me ka mamao
I kēia manawa, ʻo ka moʻolelo o ka honua i ka holo ʻana i ka hola he 21,285 mau mika. Aia wale kēia ma kahi o ka mamao hapalua o ka marathon (ʻo 21,097 mau mika ia). Ke hoʻololi nei ka mea hoʻopaʻa moʻolelo honua i ka hola e holo nei, ʻo Haile Gebreselassie, i hoʻopau i ka hapalua marathon ma 59 mau minuke 28 kekona.
I ka manawa like, ʻo ka moʻolelo o ka honua i ka hapalua marathon, na ka Kenyan Samuel Wanjir, e aneane he minuke ka liʻiliʻi: 58 mau minuke 33 kekona.
ʻO kekahi mau ʻōlelo hoʻomākeʻaka: Ua lanakila pinepine nā kamaʻāina Kenyan i ka holo lōʻihi, no ka mea he hōʻailona alanui ko kēia ʻāina "e makaʻala i nā liona".
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ka mana o nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻāina i ka holo lōʻihi e wehewehe ʻia e kēia mau mea:
- nā hana lōʻihi,
- nā hiʻohiʻona o ka maʻi puʻuwai: ola nā Keniana he 10,000 mau kapuaʻi ma luna o ka ʻilikai.
Pono ka ikaika i ka lanakila ʻana i ka holo lōʻihi. Hana ʻia ia ma o ka hoʻolōʻihi lōʻihi ʻana. No laila, hiki i kahi mea holo ke holo i ʻelua haneli mau kilomita i ka pule e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hoʻokūkū.
