Leialoha
3K 0 02/20/2019 (ka hoʻoponopono hou: 02/28/2019)
ʻO ka phineate Creatine (inoa Pelekania - phine phateate, ʻano hana kemika - C4H10N3O5P) kahi hui pū me ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe i hana ʻia i ka manawa o ka phosporylation hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia o ka creatine a hōʻiliʻili nui ʻia (95%) i nā mākala a me nā aʻa.
ʻO kāna hana nui ka hōʻoia ʻana i ke kūpaʻa o ka hana ʻana o ka ikehu intracellular e ka mālama mau ʻana i ka pae i koi ʻia o adenosine triphospastic acid (ATP) ma o ka resynthesis.
ʻO Biochemistry o ka phine phineate
I loko o ke kino, i kēlā me kēia kekona he nui nā hana biochemical a me ka physiological e koi ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu: ka synthesi o nā mea, ka lawe ʻana o nā mole o nā meaola a me nā microelement i nā lālā o nā hunaola, ka hana o nā ʻikena muscle. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ikehu i koi ʻia i ka wā o ka hydrolysis o ATP, kēlā me kēia mole i resynthesized ma mua o 2000 manawa i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻAʻole hōʻiliʻili ʻia ia i nā pūnaewele, a no ka hana maʻamau o nā ʻōnaehana kūloko a me nā ʻōnaehana, koi ʻia ka hoʻomau hou ʻana o kāna kūloko.
No kēia mau kumu, manaʻo ʻia ka creatine phosphate. Hana mau ʻia ia a ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka hopena no ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ATP mai ADP, i catalyzed e kahi enzyme kūikawā - creatine phosphokinase. ʻAʻole like me ka adenosine triphosphoric acid, lawa mau ka lako o nā mākala iā ia.
I loko o kahi kanaka olakino, ʻo ka nui o ka creatine phosphate ma kahi o 1% o ka nui o ke kino.
I ke kaʻina o ka phinefasease creatine, ʻekolu mau isoenzymes o ka creatine phosphokinase i pili: ʻano MM, MB a me BB, ʻokoʻa i ko lākou wahi: ʻo nā mea mua ʻelua i nā iwi iwi a me ka puʻuwai, ʻo ke kolu aia i nā aʻa o ka lolo.
Hoʻohuli o ATP
ʻO ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana o ATP e ka creatine phosphate ʻo ia ka wikiwiki a me ka maikaʻi o nā kumu ikehu ʻekolu. Ua lawa ka 2-3 kekona o ka hana maʻa ma lalo o ka ukana ikaika, a ua hōʻea i ka hopena o kāna hana. I kēia hihia, hana ʻia ka ikehu ma mua o 2-3 mau manawa ma mua o ka wā o ka glycolysis, CTA a me ka phosphorylation oxidative.
© makaule - stock.adobe.com
ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka localization o nā mea komo i ka hopena ma kahi kokoke o mitochondria a me ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana o ka catalist e nā huahana o ka cleavage ATP. No laila, ʻo ka piʻi nui o ka ikaika o ka hana muscle ʻaʻole ia e alakaʻi i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nui o ka adenosine triphosphoric acid. I kēia kaʻina hana, aia kahi ʻai ikaika o ka creatine phosphate, ma hope o 5-10 kekona e hoʻomaka ka emi wikiwiki ʻana o ka wikiwiki, a ma 30 kekona e hoʻemi ia i ka hapalua o ka waiwai keu. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ua komo nā hana ʻē aʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā hui macroenergy.
ʻO ka papa maʻamau o ka hopena phine phineate he mea nui ia no nā mea pāʻani e pili ana i nā loli i ka lawe ʻana i nā mākala (ka holo pōkole, ka hāpai kino ʻana, nā hana like ʻole me nā kaupaona, badminton, ka pā a me nā ʻano pāʻani pahū ʻē aʻe).
Hiki i ka biochemistry o kēia kaʻina ke hāʻawi i ka supercompensation o nā lilo ikehu i ka manawa mua o ka hana muscle, ke loli ka ikaika o ka ukana a koi ʻia ka mana nui i kahi manawa liʻiliʻi. Pono e hoʻokō ʻia nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā haʻuki i luna me ka noonoo pono ʻana i ka lawa pono o ke kino me ke kumu o ia ikehu - creatine a me ka "accumulator" o nā mea paʻa macroenergetic - creatine phosphate.
I ka hoʻomaha a me ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui i ka ikaika o ka hana muscle, hoʻemi ka ʻai o ATP. Noho ka helu o ka resynthesis oxidative i ka pae like a hoʻohana ʻia ka "surplus" o ka adenosine triphospastic acid e hoʻihoʻi i nā mālama o ka phine phineate.
Syntesis o ka creatine a me ka creatine phosphate
ʻO nā lālā nui e hana i ka creatine nā puʻupaʻa a me ke ake. Hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana i nā puʻupaʻa me ka hana o guanidine acetate mai arginine a me glycine. A laila, synthesized ʻia ka creatine i ke akepaʻa mai kēia paʻakai a me ka methionine. Ma ke kahe o ke koko, lawe ʻia i ka lolo a me nā mākala, kahi i hoʻololi ʻia ai i phine phineate ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono (ka hakahaka a i ʻole ka haʻahaʻa o nā mākala a me ka nui o nā molaki ATP)
ʻO ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi
I loko o kahi kino olakino, kahi hapa o ka creatine phosphate (ma kahi o 3%) e hoʻololi mau ʻia i loko o ka creatinine ma ke ʻano he hopena o ka dephosphorylation non-enzymatic. ʻAʻole loli kēia nui, a hoʻoholo ʻia e ka nui o ka nui o nā mākala. Ma ke ʻano he mea i koi ʻole ʻia, hoʻokuʻu wale ʻia i ka mimi.
E kuhikuhi i ke ʻano o nā puʻupaʻa, hiki i ka hōʻuluʻulu o ka excretion o ka lā lā i ka lā. Hiki i kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ke koko ke hōʻike i nā pilikia o ka mākala, a ʻo ka ʻoi aku o ka maʻamau e hōʻike ana i ka maʻi puʻuwai.
ʻO nā loli i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka creatine kinase i loko o ke koko e hiki ai ke ʻike i nā ʻōuli o ka nui o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi (myocardial infarction, hypertension) a me ke kū ʻana o nā hoʻololi pathological i ka lolo.
Me ke atrophy a i ʻole nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana muscular, ʻaʻole i komo ka mea hana i hana ʻia i loko o nā aʻa a kipaku ʻia i ka mimi. Pili kona kūpaʻa i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi a i ʻole ke kēkelē o ka nalo ʻana o ka hana muscle.
Hiki i kahi overdose o ka creatine ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui i ka ʻike o ka creatine i ka mimi ma muli o ka mālama ʻole ʻia o nā lula o nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka haʻuki haʻuki.
