42 km marathon - nā moʻolelo a me nā mea hoihoi

ʻAʻole maʻa mau ka Marathons ma waena o nā hanana haʻuki he nui. Hele ʻia lākou e nā mea ʻaleʻale ʻoihana a ʻoihana hoʻi, a me nā ʻaleʻa amateur. Pehea i hiki mai ai ka mamao marathon a ehia mau lā i ka lālani hiki iā ʻoe ke uhi?

He aha ka moʻolelo o ka puka ʻana o kahi marathon ma luna o 42 mau mile ka lōʻihi, a he aha nā moʻolelo o ka honua i kēia manawa i ka marathon no nā wahine a me nā kāne? ʻO wai i loko o ka 10 mau kukini holo marathon wikiwiki loa a he aha nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka marathon 42 km? A ʻo nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻomākaukau a me ka lanakila ʻana i ka marathon, e heluhelu i kēia ʻatikala.

ʻO ka moʻolelo o ka marathon 42 km

ʻO ka marathon kahi track Olumepika a me ke aʻo kahua a he 42 kilomita, 195 mika (a i ʻole 26 mile, 395 iwilei) ka lōʻihi. Ma nā Pāʻani 'Olumepika, ua hoʻokūkū nā kāne i kēia aʻo mai 1896, a me nā wahine mai ka makahiki 1984.

Ma ke ʻano he kaulike, mālama ʻia nā marathon ma ke ala nui, ʻoiai i kekahi manawa e pili ana kēia huaʻōlelo i nā hoʻokūkū i ka holo lōʻihi ma luna o nā ʻāina ʻoʻoleʻa, a me nā kūlana ʻoi loa (hiki i kekahi manawa ke ʻano ʻokoʻa). ʻO kahi mamao holo ʻē aʻe i makemake nui ʻia ʻo ka marathon hapa.

Nā manawa o ka wā kahiko

E like me kā ka kaao i ʻōlelo ai, ʻo Phidippides - he koa mai Helene - i ka 490 BC, i ka hopena o ke kaua o Marathon, i kahi holo kū ʻole i Athens i mea e haʻi aku ai i kona mau hoa ʻohana i ka lanakila.

I kona hōʻea ʻana i Atenai, ua hina ʻo ia i lalo a make, akā hiki nō ke ʻuā: "E hauʻoli, e nā poʻe Atenai, ua lanakila mākou!" Ua hōʻike mua ʻia kēia kaʻao e Plutarch i kāna hana "The Glory of Athens", ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua o ka milenio ma hope o nā hanana maoli.

Wahi a kekahi mana (haʻi ʻo Herodotus e pili ana iā ia), he ʻelele ʻo Phidippides. Ua hoʻouna ʻia ʻo ia e ka poʻe Atenai i ka poʻe Spartans no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana, ua holo ʻo ia ma mua o 230 mau kilomita i nā lā ʻelua. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i kūleʻa kāna marathon ...

I kēia mau lā

ʻO Michel Breal, he kanaka Palani, ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻolālā i ka heihei marathon. Ua moeʻuhane ʻo ia e hoʻokomo ʻia kēia mamao i loko o ka papahana o ka Pāʻani Olumepika i ka makahiki 1896 ma Athens - ka mua ma nā wā hou. ʻO ka manaʻo o ka Palani i makemake ʻia e Pierre de Coubertin, ʻo ia ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i nā pāʻani 'Olumepika hou.

ʻO ka marathon mua mua loa i mālama ʻia ma Helene, me Harilaos Vasilakos e lilo i lanakila, ʻo ia ka mea i holo i ka mamao i loko o ʻekolu mau hola a me ʻumikūmāwalu minuke. A ua lilo ka Greek Spiridon Luis i champion no ka Olumepika, ua lanakila ʻo ia i ka mamao marathon i loko o ʻelua mau hola kanalimakūmāwalu minuke a me kanalima kekona. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ma ke ala, ua kū ʻo ia i ke kīʻaha waina me kona ʻanakala.

ʻO ke komo ʻana o nā wahine i ka marathon i ka wā o nā Pāʻani Olumepika i ka manawa mua ma nā Pāʻani ma Los Angeles (USA) - ma 1984 kēia.

Ka mamao o Marathon

Ma nā Pāʻani 'Olumepika mua i 1896, he kanahā kilomika (24.85 mile) ka lōʻihi o ka marathon. A laila ua loli, a mai 1924 ua lilo ia i 42.195 kilomita (26.22 mile) - ua hoʻokumu ʻia kēia e ka International Amateur Athletics Federation (IAAF hou).

Aʻo ʻōlapa

Mai ka mua o nā pāʻani 'Olumepika i kēia lā, ua lilo ka marathon kāne i polokalamu hope loa o nā haʻuki. Ua pau nā kukini Marathon ma ke kahua pāʻani Nūpepa nui, i kekahi mau hola paha ma mua o ka pau ʻana o nā pāʻani, a i ʻole ma ka manawa like me ka panina.

Nā moʻolelo honua o kēia manawa

I nā kāne

ʻO ka moʻolelo o ka honua i ka marathon kāne e paʻa ʻia e ka ʻelima Kenyan ʻo Dennis Quimetto.

Ua holo ʻo ia i kahi mamao o 42 kilomita a me 195 mika i loko o ʻelua mau hola, ʻelua mau minuke a me kanalima kekona. ʻO kēia ma 2014.

I waena o nā wahine

ʻO ka moʻolelo o ka honua ma ka mamao marathon wahine no ka mea ʻālapa Pelekane ʻo Paul Redcliffe. I ka makahiki 2003, ua holo ʻo ia i ka marathon i loko o ʻelua hola a me ʻumikūmālima mau minuke a me iwakāluakūmālima kekona.

I ka 2012, ua hoʻāʻo ka mea holo Kenyan ʻo Mary Keitani e wāwahi i kēia moʻolelo, akā ua kūleʻa ʻo ia. Ua holo ʻo ia i ka marathon ma mua o ʻekolu mau minuke i lohi ma mua o Paula Radcliffe.

ʻO 10 mau kukini kāne marathon kāne kiʻekiʻe loa

ʻO nā mea punahele ma aneʻi nā mea pāʻani mai Kenya a me ʻAitiopa.

1. Holo i waho ʻO Kenia Dennis Quimetto... Ua holo ʻo ia i ka Marathon Berlin ma Kepakemapa 28, 2014 i 2 mau hola 2 minuke a me 57 kekona.
2. Holo i waho ʻO ʻAitiopa Kenenisa Bekele. Ua holo ʻo ia i ka Marathon Berlin ma Kepakemapa 25, 2016 i 2 mau hola 3 minuke 3 kekona.
3. Holo mai Kenya Eliud Kipchoge holo i ka London Marathon ma ʻApelila 24, 2016 i 2 mau hola 3 minuke a me 5 kekona.
4. ʻO Kenman runner Emmanuel Mutai holo ka Berlin Marathon ma Kepakemapa 28, 2014 i 2 mau hola 3 minuke a me 13 kekona.
5. ʻO Kenyan Runner Wilson Kipsang holo ka Berlin Marathon ma Kepakemapa 29, 2013 i 2 mau hola 3 minuke a me 23 kekona.
6. ʻO Kenyan ke kukini ʻo Patrick Macau holo ka Berlin Marathon ma Kepakemapa 25, 2011 i 2 mau hola 3 minuke a me 38 kekona.
7. ʻO Kenyan runner Stanley Beevott holo i ka London Marathon ma ʻApelila 24, 2016 i 2 mau hola 3 minuke a me 51 kekona.
8. ʻO kahi kukini mai ʻAitiopa i holo i ka Marathon Berlin ma 2 mau hola 3 mau minuke a me 59 kekona Kepakemapa 28, 2008.
9. ʻO Kenyan runner Eliu dKipchoge i holo i ka Berlin Marathon i 2 mau hola, 4 mau minuke Kepakemapa 27, 2015.
10. Hoʻopili i ka mea holo he ʻumi mai Kenia Jeffrey Mutai, ka mea i lanakila i ka Berlin Marathon ma Kepakemapa 30, 2012 i 2 mau hola 4 minuke a me 15 kekona.

ʻO 10 mau kukini holo wahine wahine ʻoi loa ka wikiwiki

1. I nā hola 2 he 15 mau minuke a me 25 mau kekona, he kanaka haʻuki mai UK Paula Radcliffe holo i ka ʻApelila 13, 2003 London Marathon.
2. I nā hola 2 18 mau minuke a me 37 kekona, ka mea holo mai ʻO Kenyan Mary Keitani holo i ka 22 ʻApelila 2012 London Marathon.
3. I nā hola 2 he 18 mau minuke a he 47 kekona kahi kukini Kenyan Katrin Ndereba holo ka ʻOkakopa 7, 2001 ʻO Chicago Marathon.
4. ʻAitiopa i 2 mau hola 18 minuke 58 kekona Tiki Gelana pau i ka Rotterdam Marathon ma ʻApelila 15, 2012.
5. I nā hola 2 19 mau minuke 12 Kepanī Mizuki Noguchi holo i ka September 25, 2005 Berlin Marathon
6. I nā hola 2 he 19 mau minuke 19 kekona, ua holo kekahi ʻālapa mai Kelemania Irina Mikitenko i ka Berlin Marathon ma Kepakemapa 28, 2008.
7. I nā hola 2 19 mau minuke 25 kekona Kenyan ʻO Glades Cherono ua lanakila i ka Berlin Marathon ma Kepakemapa 27, 2015.
8. I nā hola 2 19 mau minuke 31 kekona, nā kūkini mai ʻAitiopa Acelefesh Mergia holo i ka Dubai Marathon ma Ianuali 27, 2012.
9. Holo mai Kenya mai ma 2 mau hola 19 minuke 34 kekona ʻO Lucy Kabuu hala i ka Marathon Dubai ma Ianuali 27, 2012.
10. Ke hoʻopuni nei i nā kukini wahine marathon he ʻumi ma luna ʻO Dina Castor mai USA, kahi i holo i ka London Marathon ma 2: 19.36 ma ka 23 ʻApelila 2006.

Hoihoi e pili ana i ka marathon 42 km

• Ke lanakila nei i kahi mamao o 42 mau mile 195 mau mika ka ʻekolu o ka pae i ka hoʻokūkū Ironman triathlon.
• Hiki ke uhi ʻia ka mamao marathon ma nā hoʻokūkū a me nā heihei amatir.
• No laila, i ka 2003, ua holo ʻo Ranulf Fiennes mai Pelekane Nui he ʻehiku mau marathon no ʻehiku mau lā ma nā ʻāpana ʻehiku a me nā ʻāpana o ka honua.

• Ua hoʻoholo ke kamaʻāina Belgian Stefaan Engels ma 2010 e holo ʻo ia i kahi marathon i kēlā me kēia lā o ka makahiki, akā ua ʻeha ʻo ia i Ianuali, no laila ua hoʻomaka hou ʻo ia i Pepeluali.
• Ma Malaki 30, ua kuʻikuʻi ka Belgian i ka hopena o Spaniard Ricardo Abad Martinez, ka mea i holo i 150 marathon i nā helu like o ka 2009. ʻO ka hopena, ma Pepeluali 2011, i hoʻokahi makahiki, ua hoʻopau ʻo Stefan Engels he 49 ona makahiki i ka marathon 365. Ma ka awelika, ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i ʻehā mau hola ma ka marathon a hōʻike i ka hopena maikaʻi ma nā hola ʻelua a me 56 mau minuke.

• Ua komo ʻo Johnny Kelly i ka Boston Marathon ma mua o kanaono mau manawa mai 1928 a 1992, a ʻo ka hopena, ua holo ʻo ia a hoʻopau i nā manawa 58 a lilo i mea lanakila ʻelua (i 1935 a me 1945 AD)
• Kēkēmapa 31, 2010 Ua holo ke kupa Kanaka kanaka 55 makahiki ʻo Martin Parnell i 250 mau marathon i loko o ka makahiki. I loko o kēia manawa, ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā kāmaʻa sneakers he 25. Eia kekahi, i kekahi manawa pono ʻo ia e holo i nā mahana ma lalo o ke emi o kanakolu kekelē.
• Wahi a nā ʻepekema mai Sepania, ʻo nā iwi o ka poʻe kukini marathon no ka manawa lōʻihi i ka wā ʻelemakule ʻaʻole e ʻelemakule a luku hoʻi, ʻokoʻa ka poʻe ʻē aʻe.
• ʻO ka mea holo Lūkini ʻo Sergei Burlakov, nona nā wāwae ʻelua a me nā lima i ʻoki ʻia, i komo i ka 2003 New York Marathon. Ua lilo ʻo ia i mea holo mua marathon o ka honua e hoʻopau ʻia i ka quadruple.
• ʻO ka heihei marathon mua loa o ka honua ka kamaʻāina India ʻo Fauja Singh. Ua komo ʻo ia i ka Guinness Book of Records i ka wā i holo ʻo ia i ka marathon i kona mau makahiki he 100 i 2011 ma 8:11:06. I kēia manawa ua ʻoi aku ka ma mua o ka haneli mau makahiki o ka mea haʻuki.
• Ua lanakila ʻo ka mahiʻai ʻo Australia ʻo Cliff Young i ka ultramarathon i ka makahiki 1961, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka mea i komo pū me ia no ka manawa mua. Ua uhi ka mea holo i 875 km i loko o ʻelima mau lā, ʻumikūmālima mau hola a me ʻehā mau minuke. Ua neʻe ʻo ia i kahi wikiwiki, i ka mua ua lohi ʻo ia ma hope o nā mea ʻē aʻe, akā i ka hopena ua haʻalele ʻo ia i nā mea haʻuki ʻoihana. Ua kūleʻa ʻo ia ma hope, ua neʻe ʻo ia me ka hiamoe ʻole (lilo kēia i ʻano maʻamau me ia, ʻoiai he mahiʻai ʻo ia i hana no kekahi mau lā i ka lālani - ka ʻohi ʻana i nā hipa i nā wahi hānai).
• Ua hōʻiliʻili ka mea holo Pelekane ʻo Steve Chock i ka makana manawaleʻa nui loa ma ka mōʻaukala marathon o £ 2 miliona. Ua hana ʻia kēia ma ka London Marathon i ʻApelila 2011.
• Ua komo ka mea ʻaleʻale he 44 mau makahiki ʻo Brianen Price i ka marathon ma lalo o hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope o kona ʻoki kino ʻana i ka naʻau.
• ʻO kahi mea hana lekiō mai Suède, Andrei Kelberg, i uhi i kahi mamao marathon, e neʻe ana ma ka papa o ka moku Sotello. I ka hōʻuluʻulu, holo ʻo 224 mau lapana ma luna o ka moku, hoʻolimalima ʻehā mau hola a me ʻehā mau minuke ma luna ona.
• Ua hoʻomaka ka mea holo ʻAmelika ʻo Margaret Hagerty i ka holo ʻana i ka makahiki 72. Ma ka 81, ua komo mua ʻo ia i nā marathon ma nā ʻāina ʻehiku o ka honua.
• ʻO ka mea holo Pelekane ʻo Lloyd Scott i holo i ka London Marathon ma 202 i kahi lole o ka mea luʻu ke kaumaha he 55 kilokilo. Ua hoʻolimalima ʻo ia ma kahi o ʻelima mau lā ma kēia, e hoʻonohonoho ana i ka moʻolelo o ka honua no ka holo wikiwiki loa ʻana. I ka 2011, ua komo ʻo ia i ka marathon i kahi lole snail, e hoʻolilo ana i 26 mau lā i ka heihei.
• Ua lanakila ʻo ʻAmelopa ʻApelika Abebe Bakila i ka marathon 1960 Roma. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ua uhi ʻo ia i ka wāwae me ka wāwae ʻole.
• ʻO ka maʻamau, holo ka mea holo i ka marathon ʻoihana i kahi marathon ma ka wikiwiki o 20 km / h, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka holo ʻana o ka reindeer a me nā saigas.

Nā pae bit no ka holo ʻana i ka marathon

No nā wahine

ʻO nā kūlana hoʻokuʻu no ka holo ʻana i kahi marathon me kahi mamao o 42 mau mile 195 mau mika no nā wahine penei:

• International Master of Sports (MSMK) - 2: 35.00;
• Kēkelē Hoʻolālā (MS) - 2: 48.00;
• Ka Moho Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Moho (CCM) - 3: 00.00;
• Māhele 1st - 3: 12.00;
• Māhele 2 - 3: 30.00;
• Māhele 3 - Zak. Dist.

No nā kāne

ʻO nā pae hoʻokuʻu no ka marathon e holo nei me kahi mamao o 42 mau mile 195 mau mika no nā kāne penei:

• International Master of Sports (MSMK) - 2: 13.30;
• Kēkelē Hoʻolālā (MS) - 2: 20.00;
• Ka Moho Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Moho (CCM) - 2: 28.00;
• Māhele 1st - 2: 37.00;
• Māhele 2 - 2: 48.00;
• Māhele 3 - Zak. Dist.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no kahi marathon i hiki iā ʻoe ke holo ma ka liʻiliʻi o ka manawa?

Ke kaʻina hana

ʻO ka mea nui ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻamau, pono e hoʻomaka ma ka liʻiliʻi ʻekolu mau mahina ma mua o ka hoʻokūkū.

Inā holo kāu pahuhopu i kahi marathon i loko o ʻekolu mau hola, a laila pono ʻoe e holo ma kahi o ʻelima mau haneli mau mile i ka wā o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka mahina i hala. He ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e hoʻomaʻamaʻa penei: ʻekolu lā hoʻomaʻamaʻa, hoʻokahi lā hoʻomaha.

Nā wikamina a me nā papaʻai

ʻOiai he pono nā huaora a me nā microelement e hoʻohana:

• MAI,
• MA,
• multivitamins,
• kalipuna,
• makanekiuma

Eia kekahi, ma mua o ka marathon, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo i ka papaʻai "protein" kaulana, a i hoʻokahi pule ma mua o ka hoʻokūkū, e hoʻōki i ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i loaʻa nā ʻaʻā. I ka manawa like, ʻekolu mau lā ma mua o ka marathon, pono ʻoe e kāpae i nā meaʻai i loko o nā protein a ʻai i nā meaʻai i loaʻa nā carbohydrates.

Lako pono

• ʻO ka mea nui ke koho ʻana i nā sneakers ʻoluʻolu a mama hoʻi, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "marathon".
• Hiki ke hamo ʻia nā wahi kahi e hiki ai ka hakakā me ka ʻaila ʻaila a i ʻole ka aila pēpē.
• ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hāʻawi i ka makemake i nā lole maikaʻi i hana ʻia i nā mea synthetic.
• Inā kū ka marathon i kahi lā lā, e pono ana kahi pāpale, a me kahi kalima pale me kahi kānana o 20-30 ma lalo iki.

ʻ .lelo Aʻoaʻo Hoʻokūkū

• E hoʻopaʻa i kahi pahuhopu - a hele maopopo iā ia. ʻO kahi laʻana, e hoʻoholo i ka manawa āu e hoʻolilo ai i ka uhi ʻana i ka mamao, a me ka manawa awelika.
• ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka wikiwiki - ʻo kēia kekahi o nā hewa maʻamau a kēlā me kēia newbies e hana ai. ʻOi aku e hoʻokaʻawale like i kāu mau pūʻali.
• E hoʻomanaʻo: ʻo ke kiʻi ʻana i ka laina hoʻopau kahi pahuhopu kūpono ia no ka mea hoʻomaka.
• I ka wā o ka marathon iho, pono ʻoe e inu - i ka wai maoli a i ʻole nā ​​mea inu ikehu.
• ʻO nā hua like ʻole e like me nā ʻāpala, maiʻa a me nā hua ʻalani paha, a me nā hua maloʻo a me nā nati e kōkua e hoʻopiha i kou ikaika. Eia kekahi, pono nā kī ikehu.

E nānā i ka wikiō: Runners Attempt Eliud Kipchoges World Record Marathon Pace (Nowemapa 2024).